Campanula rapunculoides

Creeping Bellflower · Rampion bellflower · Clochettes · European Bellflower · Lygurian Bellflower

Summary

Campanula rapunculoides, commonly known as creeping bellflower, is a perennial herbaceous plant characterized by its nodding, bell-shaped blue-violet flowers. It spreads aggressively through abundant seed production and deep, fleshy underground rhizomes and tubers, making it extremely difficult to eradicate.

Region

It is native to central and southern Europe and western Asia, typically growing in semi-shaded woods, meadows, and grassy areas. The species has been introduced to North America, where it has become a highly invasive weed in gardens, fields, and roadsides.

Uses: beneficial

The plant was historically cultivated and foraged for food, as its fleshy roots, young shoots, and leaves are all edible. The roots can be consumed raw or cooked, while the mild-flavored basal leaves are sometimes boiled as a pot herb.

Distribution

AustraliaEurope & Northern Asia (excluding China)North AmericaEngland [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark; Norway; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (NE-Greece, rare Mt. Ossa, Mt. Pelion, Chalkidiki); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altay, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Sri Lanka [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Ecuador [I]; Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]AlbaniaAlbertaAltayAustriaBaltic StatesBelarusBelgiumBritish ColumbiaBulgariaBuryatiyaCentral European RussiaColoradoConnecticutCzechia-SlovakiaDelawareDenmarkEast European RussiaFinlandFranceGermanyGreat BritainGreeceHungaryIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaIranIrelandIrkutskItalyKamchatkaKansasKazakhstanKentuckyKhabarovskKirgizstanKrasnoyarskKrymMaineManitobaMarylandMassachusettsMexico CentralMichiganMinnesotaMissouriMontanaNebraskaNetherlandsNevadaNew BrunswickNewfoundlandNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNew Zealand NorthNew Zealand SouthNorth CarolinaNorth CaucasusNorth DakotaNorth European RussiaNorthwest European RussiaNorwayNova ScotiaNW. Balkan Pen.OhioOntarioOregonPennsylvaniaPolandPrimoryePrince Edward I.QuébecRhode I.RomaniaSakhalinSouth DakotaSouth European RussiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTennesseeTexasTranscaucasusTürkiyeUkraineUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest SiberiaWest VirginiaWisconsinWyomingBEBRCACHDEDKECFIFRGBGTIEINJPLUNLNORUSEUS

Images

habit (1)